Content

Foreword

Introducing Supercharging Technology

History lessons

• History lessons
• Supercharged racing cars
• Dragsters with superchargers
• Roots blowers on passenger cars
• Centrifugal blowers
• Lisholm screw blower
• Other blowers

Turbochargers: past and present

• Turbochargers: past and present
• Turbochargers on ovals and traditional circuit races
• Development of Formula 1 engines
• Troubleshooting cylinder head gasket problems
• Development of special fuels
• Overcoming turbo bikes
• Development of engines in rally racing
• Combined pressurization
• Sequential turbocharging
• Development of systems that mitigate the consequences of turbocharges
• Production vehicle manufacturers start to use turbocharging
• Attempts to make turbocharged engines easier to use
• Development of turbocharger designs

Nitrous oxide: from the origins to the present

• Nitrous oxide: from the beginnings to the present day
• Return of nitrous oxide
• Increase in power by a third
• How to avoid engine damage
• Other applications
• The power increase possible today

Aspiration: theory and basic principles

• Aspiration: theory and basic principles
• Density concept
• Engine Air Density
• Beware of gimmicks!
• How compressor efficiency affects air density
• Increasing boost pressure is not always beneficial
• Detonation and early ignition
• How lagging timing affects power
• Compression ratio versus supercharging
• SAAB variable ratio engine
• Competition rules and fuel specifications
• Compression ratio calculation
• Top clearance and turbulence in passenger cars
• Turbulence in racing engines
• Piston crown thickness, piston ring position and connecting rod length

What you need to know about turbochargers

• What you need to know about turbochargers
• How turbochargers increase output power
• Optimizing performance at low engine speeds
• Turbocharger dimensions affect performance
• Turbine A / R ratio and body selection
• Factors influencing compressor selection
• Air flow rate calculation
• Compressor selection using capacity graph
• Factors to consider when choosing one or more turbochargers
• Hybrid turbochargers
• Limit the boost pressure of the ceramic turbine wheel and provide protection against water
• Turbocharger lubrication and oil circulation
• Basic principles of turbocharger care
• Turbocharger recovery

Turbocharger boost pressure control

• Turbocharger boost pressure control
• Early boost control systems
• Intake ventilation valves
• Influence on the composition of the air-fuel mixture
• Exhaust bypass valve
• Gauge pressure sensor and absolute pressure sensor
• Setting the boost pressure signal source
• Adjusting the boost pressure
• Electronic boost pressure control
• Devices that protect against excessive boost pressure
• Internal bypass valve capacity problems
• External bypass valve selection
• You need an accurate boost pressure gauge

A strategy to prevent turbo lag in turbochargers

• A strategy to prevent turbo lag in turbochargers
• Using the gentle speed limiter
• Choice of engine accessories
• The importance of customization
• Influence of gear ratios
• Technologies used in turbochargers to reduce turbo lag

What you need to know about turbochargers

• What you need to know about turbochargers
• Camshaft cam specifications affect boost pressure
• Blower size and efficiency
• Choosing between supercharger and turbocharger
• Roots blowers
• Centrifugal blowers
• Lisholm screw blowers
• Why blowers are suitable for passenger cars
• Porsche is founded
• Blower drive and lubrication
• Boost pressure control and pressure relief valves
• Beware of flashback

Intake charge cooling

• Intake charge cooling
• Calculation of the intake charge density when using an intercooler
• Calculation of the power increase when using an intercooler
• Air and water intercoolers
• Pipe & rib or beam & plate
• Some other notes on construct types
• Flow rate and heat dissipation
• Dual cooler designs
• Reasoning about intercooler core thickness
• Requirements for the area of ​​pipelines
• Optimizing flow rate and efficiency
• Piping and connections
• Ensuring effective airflow cooling
• Water injection into intercooler
• Water intercooler
• Intercooler maintenance
• Other benefits of charge cooling

Water injection and other alternative solutions

• Water injection and other alternative solutions
• Water injection rate
• High-tech water injection systems
• Sprayer locations
• A mixture of water and alcohol
• Use a filter or distilled water
• Alternative to water
• Auxiliary injection systems
• How scammers manage to cheat

Fuel and fuel additives

• Fuel and fuel additives
• What does the octane number of fuel mean?
• History of octane standards
• Exploratory and motor methods
• Fuel pump octane number and SON (Supercharge Octane Number)
• Fuel chemistry and other standards
• How molecular structure affects detonation resistance
• Avgas-based racing fuels
• High-tech fuels
• Additives for increasing the octane number of fuels
• Checking, buying and storing fuel at filling stations
• Why methanol increases power
• Problems and dangers when using methanol
• Use of nitromethane and mixture
• The dangers of using nitromethane
• Other components added to fuel
• Assessment of fuel octane requirements
• Power increases with increasing octane

Fuel supply system

• Fuel supply system
• Injector duty cycle
• Calculation of the throughput of injectors
• Fuel pressure affects the flow rate of the injector
• Capacity check and nozzle classification
• Low fuel pressure negatively affects atomization
• Fuel pressure regulators
• Manifold pressure variable regulator
• Fuel pump and filter
• Benefits of using multiple pumps
• Checking the throughput of the power system
• Fuel supply to the pump
• Intake piping, fuel lines and fuel rail requirements
• A different approach to a system with primary and secondary nozzles
• Location of fuel injectors
• System with primary and secondary nozzles
• Resistance of nozzles and selection of electronic unit

Air intake system

• Air intake system
• Checking the capacity of the air filter and air chamber
• High performance air filters
• When you need a full-flow filter
• Airflow limitation by airflow sensor
• Air flow sensor type karmen
• Throttle body size and modifications
• Intake manifold pressure chamber design
• Design and size of distribution channels
• How to modify a factory intake manifold
• Cylinder head modifications
• Valve seats and guides
• Valve materials and construction
• Camshaft selection
• How camber angle affects performance
• Selection of cams for engines with superchargers
• Camshafts for engines with nitrous oxide systems

Nitrous oxide injection

• Nitrous oxide injection
• Why nitrous oxide injection systems can damage your engine
• Choice between dry and wet nitrous oxide injection systems
• Installing a nitrous oxide cylinder
• Flow direction
• Nitrous oxide solenoid and sprayer
• Choosing a charge atomizer
• Number of nozzles and their location
• Fuel supply system
• Nitrous oxide injection system activation components
• Choosing the ratio of nitrous oxide and fuel in the mixture
• Ignition timing and spark plugs
• Compression ratio and piston requirements

Exhaust system

• Exhaust system
• The exhaust system affects the performance of the turbocharger
• Factory manifold modification
• Gasket selection
• Tubular manifold manufacturing
• Reservoir sizing
• Specialized constructions
• Connecting an external bypass valve
• By-pass valve outlet piping
• Internal bypass valve discharge piping
• Exhaust pipe sizing
• Unexpected problems
• Exhaust pipe selection principles for engines with superchargers and nitrous oxide injection systems
• Reducing pumping losses
• Reflections on exhaust pipe size
• Exhaust pulsation application
• Exhaust manifold design
• Sizing the collector
• Exhaust manifold effect
• Header design with baffle
• Merge manifold design
• Manufacturing and processing of manifolds
• Rear exhaust pipe dimensions and manufacturing
• Muffler design and selection
• Catalytic converter problems and modifications

Combustion process and ignition system

• Combustion process and ignition system
• Factors influencing the combustion process
• Mix quality and turbulence
• Combustion chamber shape
• Other aspects of mix flow type
• Ignition timing
• Contact ignition systems
• Contact electronic ignition systems
• Capacitive ignition system
• Capacitive multi-spark ignition systems
• Ignition Voltage Requirements
• Selecting the type of ignition system
• Saving the state of the ignition system
• Improving ignition timing accuracy
• Determining the optimal ignition timing
• Anomalies during the combustion process
• The role of the knock sensor
• Spark Plug Heat Coefficient
• Spark plug electrode types and materials
• Spark plug gap
• Ignition coil polarity
• Spark plug maintenance
• High voltage spark plug wires
• Valve cover and rotor contact
• Primary voltage affects the performance of the ignition system

Engine management system

• Engine management system
• Mass air flow sensor
• Air flow measurement systems
• Alpha-N System
• Secondary inputs
• What to look for when choosing an engine management system
• Factory electronic control unit
• Choosing an electronic control unit in the aftermarket
• Reprogramming the factory electronic control unit
• Using two blocks and the Piggy-back system
• Electronic control unit programming
• Choosing the right dynamometer
• Detailing engine settings diagrams

Improving engine wear resistance

• Improving engine wear resistance
• Cylinder block preparation and cracking test
• Main bearing alignment
• Cylinder boring
• Requirements for cylinder wall thickness
• How to measure the wall thickness of a cylinder
• Reinforcement of cylinder blocks that share cooling channels with the cylinder head
• Honing a cylinder
• Final preparation of the cylinder block
• Heat treatment of materials from which the crankshaft is made
• Basic preparation and balancing
• Crankshafts for racing and high performance engines
• Loads on connecting rods and materials from which they are made
• How to prepare factory connecting rods
• Connecting rod polishing and shot blasting
• Connecting rod to crankshaft travel ratio
• Connecting rod bolts and proper tightening
• Bearing materials and clearances
• Bearing installation procedure
• Piston design and production
• Working piston clearance
• Clearance between valve and piston
• Clearance between piston and cylinder head
• The shape of the piston crown affects the combustion process
• Piston pin design, clearance and attachment
• Piston rings
• Placement of piston rings
• Piston ring tightness
• Piston Ring Width
• Gas channels in the piston
• Piston Ring Lift
• Zero clearance piston rings
• Piston ring clearance
• Groove gap
• Construction and materials from which they are made
• How to install piston rings
• Running-in piston rings
• Checking the tightness of the ring
• Torsional vibration damper
• Flywheel
• Preparing the contact surface of the cylinder block piston rings
• Cylinder head gasket selection
• Clamping force of cylinder head gasket
• Cylinder head bolts and tightening
• Preventing heat damage to the cylinder head

Lubrication system

• Lubrication system
• Engine oil testing standards
• Viscosity and power
• The concept of "oil viscosity" and additives that increase it
• Mixed and synthetic oils
• Engine oil additive kit
• How often to change the engine oil
• Oil temperature and oil cooler
• Oil pumps
• Oil pump and pressure
• Preventing engine oil spills
• Dry sump system
• Oil tank
• Engine breathers and crankcase vacuum
• Oil screens and reflectors
• Engine oil level
• Crankcase air passages
• Crankcase breathers
• Crankcase vacuum pump

Cooling system

• Cooling system
• Air cooling
• Checking the temperature of the cylinder head
• Water cooled engine, corrosion and freeze protection
• Eliminate air bubbles
• Pressurized cooling system
• A few notes on the water pump
• Coolant flow rate control
• Coolant flow path
• Cooling holes in the cylinder head gasket
• Cooling of high power motors
• Alternative cooling method
• Radiator maintenance and design
• Double layer radiator
• Coolant temperature control with thermostat
• Radiator cooling fan
• Optimizing the air flow rate through the radiator
• Benefits

Modification of a factory supercharged engine

• Modification of a factory supercharged engine
• Decide where you will start making modifications
• Car modification Nissan Sylvia
• Modification of the car Subaru Impreza WRX
• Consider replacing the engine
• Supercharged engine modification

Testing theory in practice

• Testing theory in practice
• Air Fuel Ratio and Knock Test
• Compressor efficiency test
• Turbocharger performance test
• Checking the efficiency of the intercooler
• Calculation of intercooler efficiency
• Checking for pressure leaks and ducting problems
• Water intercooler checks
• Other power thieves

And some more thoughts

• And some more thoughts
• Brake booster questions
• Gearbox torque limitation
• Gear Ratios
• Selection of suitable spacing between gear ratios
• Appropriate gear ratios may not always solve all problems